FRANCIS YSIDRO EDGEWORTH (1845-1926)
Economista irlandês, estudou línguas antigas e modernas no Trinity College de Dublín. Sabia alemão, espanhol, francês e italiano. Posteriormente, estudou Direito em Oxford. Dedicou-se ainda à matemática por conta própria, sem assistir aulas formais. Em 1880 começou a lecionar lógica. Finalmente, em 1888, foi nomeado professor de Economia Política no King's College de Londres.
Quase todos seus escritos estão dirigidos a economistas. São ensaios sobre impostos, preços no monopólio e no duopólio, teoria pura do comércio internacional e teoria dos números-índice. Sua obra "Psíquica Matemática" (1881) é uma aplicação quantitativa da ética do utilitarismo à vida econômica. Sua utilização das curvas de indiferença foi aceita muito lentamente, assim como a do "núcleo" de uma economia de troca só tem conseguido atrair a atenção muito recentemente, como resultado dos desenvolvimentos da teoria dos jogos. De fato, muitas de suas idéias estão sendo redescobertas na atualidade.
Obras
New and Old Methods of Ethics, 1877.
"The Hedonical Calculus", 1879, Mind.
"The Law of Error", 1883, Phil Mag
Mathematical Psychics: An essay on the application of mathematics to the moral sciences , 1881.
"Review of Jevons's Investigations", 1884, Academy
"The Philosophy of Chance", 1884, Mind
"The Rationale of Exchange", 1884, J of RSS
"Observations and Statistics: An essay on the theory of errors of observation and the first principles of statistics", 1885, Transactions of Cambridge Society.
"Methods of Statistics", 1885, Jubilee Volume of RSS.
"On Methods of Ascertaining Variations in the Rate of Births, Deaths and Marriages", 1885, J of RSS
"Progressive Means", 1886, J of RSS
Metrike, or the method of measuring probability and utility, 1887.
"Mathematical Theory of Banking", 1888, Journal of Royal Statistical Society.
"On the Application of Mathematics to Political Economy", 1889, Nature
"Review of Walras's Elements", 1889, Nature
"Review of Wicksteed's Alphabet", 1889, Nature
"Points at which Mathematical Reasoning is Applicable to Political Economy", 1889, Nature
"Appreciation of Gold", 1889, QJE
"Review of Marshall's Principles", 1890, Nature and Academy
"La Théorie mathématique de l'offre et de la demande et la côut de production", 1891, Revue d'Economie Politique
"On the Determinateness of Economic Equilibrium", 1891, Giornale degli Economisti.
"Review of Keynes's Scope and Method", 1891, EJ
"An Introductory Lecture on Political Economy", 1891, EJ
"Review of Second Edition of Marshall's Principles", 1891, EJ
"Review of Third Edition of Marshall's Principles", 1892, EJ
"Correlated Averages", 1892 , Philos Magazine
"The Law of Error and Correlated Averages", 1892, Philos Magazine.
"Review of Bonar's Philosophy", 1893, Mind.
"Review of Walsh's Bimetallism", 1893, EJ
"Professor Böhm-Bawerk on the Ultimate Standard of Value", 1894, EJ
"Theory of International Values", 1894, EJ
"The Measurement of Utility by Money", 1894, EJ
"Pierson on the Scarcity of Gold", 1895, EJ
"A Defense of Index-Numbers", 1896, EJ
"The Pure Theory of Monopoly", 1897,
"The Pure Theory of Taxation, I-III", 1897, EJ
"Review of Grazani's Instituzioni", 1897, 1904, EJ
"On a Point in the Theory of International Trade", 1899, EJ
"The Incidence of Urban Rates, I-III", 1900, EJ
"Disputed Points in the Theory of International Trade", 1901, EJ
"Miscellaneous Applications of the Calculus of Probabilities", 1898, J of RSS
"The Theory of Distribution" , 1904, QJE
"Review of Cunnynghame's Geometrical Political Economy", 1905, EJ
"The Law of Error", 1905, Transactions of Cambridge Society.
"The Generalised Law of Error, or Law of Great Numbers", 1906, J of RSS
"Appreciations of Mathematical Theories, I, II & III", 1907-8, EJ
"On the Probable Error of Frequency Constants", 1908, Transactions of Cambridge Society
"On the Use of the Diferential Calculus in Economics to Determine Conditions of Maximum Advantage", 1909, Scientia
"The Subjective Element in the First Principles of Taxation", 1910, QJE
"Applications of Probabilities to Economics", 1910, EJ.
"Monopoly and Differential Prices", 1911, EJ
"Contributions to the Theory of Railway Rates, I-IV", 1911-1913 EJ
"Review of Moore's Laws of Wages", 1912, EJ
"Review of Pigou's Wealth and Welfare", 1913, EJ
"On the Use of the Theory of Probabilities in Statistics Relating to Society", 1913, J of RSS
"On the Use of Analytical Geometry to Represent Certain Kinds of Statistics", 1914, J of RSS
On the Relations of Political Economy to War, 1915.
"Recent Contributions to Mathematical Economics, I & II", 1915, EJ
"British Incomes and Property", 1916, EJ
"Some German Economic Writings about the War", 1917, EJ
"After-War Problems", 1917, EJ
"On the Mathematical Representation of Statistical Data", 1917, J of RSS
"Methods of Graduating Taxes on Income and Capital", 1919, EJ
"Review of Cassel's Social Economy", 1920, EJ
"The Mathematical Economics of Professor Amoroso", 1922, EJ
"Equal Pay to Men and Women for Equal Work", 1922, EJ
Women's Wages in Relation to Economic Welfare, 1923, EJ
"Review of Marshall's Money", 1923, EJ
"Review of Bowley's Groundwork", 1924, EJ
Papers Relating to Political Economy, 3 volumes, 1925.
"The Plurality of Index-Numbers", 1925, EJ
"The Revised Doctrine of Marginal Social Product", 1925, EJ
"Review of J.M. Clark's Overhead Costs", 1925, EJ.